Document Type : Research Paper
Author
ANBAR UNIVERSITY - P.O. BOX (55) - RAMADI–IRAQ
Abstract
Historical earthquakes catalog, which were felt in the Stable Continental Regions (SCRs) of the Arabian plate for the period (600 to 1900 A.D.), was compiled. The spatial distribution of these earthquakes appears as clusters of events in the northeastern parts, and absence of events in the other parts. This may be attributed to concentration of the population centers in the northern parts relative to other parts and / or to that the seismicity level is very low. These events have a shallow focal depths. This is a characteristic feature of the SCRs. The cumulative strain release curve exhibits two periods of high seismicity separated by low seismicity period. There is a relative quite period extends from (1194 to 1900).This quite period may appear hiatus in seismic activity or in the documentation . The b–value in magnitude relationship was low and this low value is a characteristics feature of the SCRs earthquakes.
Keywords
[1]. Agrawal, P. N., (1991) Engineering Seismology, (New Delhi:Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
[2].Al-Banna, A. S.,(1996) A Preliminary Procedure to Seismic Sources lineation, Study in North and Northeast Iraq. Iraqi J. Sci. Vol.37,pp(1049-1065).
[3]. Alsinawi, S. A., (1988) Historical Seismicity of the Arab Countries, Proceedings of the Third Arab Symposium on Earthquake Seismology, March 1986, Riyadh, pp. (9–33).
[4]. Bath, M., (1973) Introduction to Seismology, Brikbanser Verlag Basel and Stuttgart, 391p.
[5]. Bungum, H., Vaage, S., and Husebye, E. S., (1982) The Meloy Earthquake Sequence, Northern Norway: Source Parameter and their Scaling Relations. Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., Vol. 72.
[6]. Bungum, H., Havskov, J., Hokland, B., and Newmark, R., (1986) Contemporary Seismicity of Northwest Europe. Annales Geophysicae, Vol. 44, pp. (567–576).
[7]. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), (1994) Johnston, A.C., Coppersmith, K. J., Kanter, L. R., and Cornell,C.A., The Earthquakes of Stable Continental Regions, Vol.(1–5), Edited by J. F. Scgneider, Palo Alto, California.
[8]. Enescu, B., and Ito, K., (2002) Spatial Analysis of the Frequency–Magnitude Distribution and decay Rate of Aftershock Activity of the 2000 western Tottori Earthquake. Earth Planet Space, Vol. 54, pp. (847–859).
[9]. Gangopadhyay, A., and Talwani, P., (2003) Symptomatic Features of Intraplate Earthquakes. Seis. Res. Lett., Vol. 74, pp. (863–883).
[10]. Gutenberg, B., and Richter, C., (1956) Earthquake Magnitude, Intensity, Energy and Acceleration. Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., Vol. 32, pp. (163–191).
[11]. Johnston, A. C. (1989) The Seismicity of "Stable Continental Interiors". Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Causes and Effects of Earthquakes at Passive Margins and in Areas of Postglacial Rebound on both Sides of the North Atlantic, Vordingborg, Denmark, (9–13) May 1988, pp. (299–327).
[12]. Johnston, A. C., and Kanter, L. R. (1990) Earthquakes in Stable Continental Crust. Sci. Amer., Vol. 262, pp. (68–75).
[13]. Johnston, A. C., Coppersmith, K. J., Kanter, L. R., and Cornell, C. A. (1994) The Earthquakes of Stable Continental Regions: Assessment of Large Earthquake Potential. EPRI Rep. TR–102261, Edt. J. E. Schneider, Palo Alto, CA: Elect. Power Res. Inst., 309p.
[14]. Mogi, k., (1963) Some Discussions on Aftershocks, Foreshocks and earthquake Swarms, the Fracture of a Semi Infinite Body Caused by an Inner Stress Origin and its Relation to the Earthquake Phenomena. Bull. Earthquake Res. Inst., Vol. 41, pp. (615–658).
[15]. Poirier, J. P. and Taher, M. A. (1980) Historical Seismicity in the Near and Middle East, North Africa, and Spain from Arabic Documents, (VIIth–XVIIIth Century). Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., Vol. 70, pp. (2185–2201).
[16]. Richter, C., (1958) Elementary Seismology (San Francisco, California: W. H. Freeman & Co. Inc.).
[17]. Rajendran, K., and Rajendran, C. P., (1999) Seismogenesis in the Stable Continental Interiors: An Appraisal Based on two Examples from India. Tectonophysics, Vol. 305, pp. (355–370).
[18]. Scholz, C. (1968) Microfracturing and the Inelastic Deformation of Rock in Compression. J. Geophysics Res., Vol. 3, pp. (1417–1432).
[19]. Schulte, S. M. and Mooney, W. D., (2004) An Updated Earthquake Catalog for Stable Continental Regions. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/scitech/scr_catalog
[20]. Schulte, S. M., and Mooney, W. D., (2005) An Updated Global Earthquake Catalog for Stable Continental Regions: Reassessing the Correlation with Ancient Rifts. Geophys. J. Inter., Vol. 161, pp. (707–721).
[21]. Seismic Studies Center–King Saud University (1999) earthquake Database of the Arabian Peninsula. Scientific Issue Series (1).
[22]. Shaik, M., and Srivastava, S. (2003) Statistical Parameters of Bhuj Earthquake Sequence of January 26th, 2001. Earth Planets Sci., Vol. 112, pp. (397–400).
[23]. Shebalin, N. V., (1961) Intensity, Magnitude, Depth of Focus of earthquake: In Barosh, P.J., (19690 Editor, Geol. Sur. Bull.1279, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission 93p.
[24]. Sykes, L. R., (1978) Intraplate Seismicity, Reactivation, of Preexisting Zones of Weakness, Alkaline Magmatism, and other Tectonism Posdating Continental Fragmentation. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., Vol. 16, pp. (621–688).
[25]. Talwani, P., (1989) Characteristic Features of Intraplate Earthquakes and the Models Proposed to Explain them., Proceeding of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Causes and Effects of Earthquakes at Passive Margins and in Areas of Postglacial Rebound on both Sides of the North Atlantic, Vordingborg, Denmark, (9–13) May, 1988, pp. (563–579).
[26]. Tanner, S.G., Shepherd , J.B.,(1997) Seismic Hazard in Latin America and the Caribbean , Project Catalog and Seismic Hazard Maps , IRDC , Ottawa, Vol.1, p. 143 .
[27]. Triep, E. G., and Sykes, L. R., (1996) Catalog of A Shallow Intracontinental Earthquakes. http://Ideo.columbia.edu/seismology/triep/intra.exp
)
