Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 University of Anbar - College of Science
2 University of Anbar - Center for Desert Studies
Abstract
The study was performed at Al-Ramadi City. It was aimed to investigate the effect of some heavy metals which release from diesel generator exhausts on workers health by measuring the concentrations of heavy metals (Cadmium, Lead, and Zinc), and their effects on blood variables and lipids profile in serum. The study included two groups: the first control group consisted of 25 normal male (non workers), and the second generator exposed workers consisted of 40 male (generator workers). Blood samples were collected from each two groups where each sample was divided in two parts, the first part tested variables while estimated blood concentrations of heavy metals and lipids profile. Data were treated statistically using Genstat program, and the averages of the studied values were compared by least significant difference (LSD) at the P 0.05 level of probability.
The results showed that the impact of exposure workers diesel generators for vapors emitted from generator exhausts (generators factor) have significantly affected in some blood variables under study. The concentrations of heavy metals recorded are significantly increased compared with the controlled group at probability of P 0.05, which have significant effect on other variables under study.
Main Subjects
1. ابوعبدون،عدیسان إبراهیم (2001)، " التصنیع و حمایة البیئة "، مقالة منشورة فی مجلة جامعة عجمان للعلوم والتقنیة،قسم العلوم الأساسیة - جامعة الشارقة،عجمان – دولة الامارات العربیة المتحدة.
- Kruus, P.; Demmer, M. and Maccaw R. (1991) "Chemical in the environment" chapter5:123-141
- Blanco, A. (2005). The impact of solid and liquid wastes from a rural town on the Chorobamba river, Oxapampa, Peruvian Amazon. M.Sc. thesis, Florida international university. 52p.
- Vedenov, P. Ivancheva, J. and Asenova, L. (1996) "Preliminary as assessment of the Bulgarian lead emission: in report and proceedings of the workshop on the assessment of the ENEP active concerning heavy metals and persistent organic pollutant and their development, 2(117):125-128..
- E. Ejaz Islam; Xiao-eyang; Zhen-lihe and Qaiser M. (2007). assessin potential dietary toxicity of heavy metals in the selected vegrtables and food crops J. zhejiang January 8(1):1-13.
- Kumar Sharma, Madhoolika Agrawal, and Fiona M. Marshall. (2008). "Heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) contamination of vegetables in urban India: A case study in Varanasi Rajesh". Environmental Pollution Volume 154, Issue 2: 254-263.
- Shinggu, D. Y. , et al, (2010). " Determination of heavy metal pollutants in street dust of Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria ". African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol. 4 (1), pp. 017-021.
- World Health Organization - International Agency For Research On Cancer (1998). "Diesel And Gasoline Engine Exhausts". Geneva.
- T. Kozanecka, J. Chojnicki, W. Kwasowski. (2002). "Content of Heavy Metals in Plant from Pollution-Free Regions". Polish Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 11, No. 4, 395-399.
10. Beatriz P. et al(2008)."Relationship between blood concentrations of heavy metals and cytogenetic and endocrine parameters among subjects involved in cleaning coastal areas affected by the Prestige tanker oil spill". Chemosphere 71 (2008) 447–455.
11. WHO, (1992).International Programme On Chemical Safety "Environmental Health Criteria 134, Cadmium Cd". Geneva.
12. WHO, (1999).International Programme On Chemical Safety "Environmental Health Criteria 3, Lead Pb". Geneva.
13. WHO, (1999).International Programme On Chemical Safety "Environmental Health Criteria 221, Zinc Zn". Geneva.
14.ذاکر، عبد علی و عواد، مثنى محمد. (2008)" المتغیرات الدمویة لدى الفتیات والنساء اثناء الحمل والولادة والاطفال حدیثی الولادة فی محافظة الانبار " مجلة جامعة الأنبار للعلوم الصرفة، العدد الثالث، المجلد الثانی.
15. Report of the National Cholesterol Treatment Program Expert Panel on Detection, Arch Intern Med, 1998, 148, 36-9.
16. Sharkey B.J. (1997). Fitness & Health. 4th Edition. Human Kinetics.
17. Vance, D.E., Vance, J.E. (1996) "Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Membranes". New York, Elsevier Science.
18.الحیالی، کسرى احمد فتحی (2003). "تأثیر برنامجین غذائی وغذائی ریاضی فی عدد من المتغیرات الوظیفیة والکیموحیویة الجسمیة واللیاقة البدنیة" أطروحة دکتوراه، کلیة التربیة الریاضیة، جامعة الموصل.
19.حجازی، احمد توفیق (1999). "الموسوعة الصحیة"، الطبعة الأولى، دار أسامة للنشر والتوزیع، عمان-المملکة الأدرنیة.
20. Hansel B, Bruckert E: Lipid profile and cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.( 2008) "effect of the disease and of drug therapy Service d'endocrinologie-métabolisme et de prévention cardiovasculaire, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
21.وحید، أحمد محمد وسالم، عالیة کاظم. (1990). "علم أمراض الدم العملی" وزارة التعلیم العالی والبحث العلمی، هیئة المعاهد الفنیة/ العراق.
22. Dacie, J.V. and Lewis, S.M. (1984) "Practical Hematology". 6th ed. Churchill Livingstone, U.K.
23. Skoog D. A. , D. M. West and F. J.Holler. (2004)."Fondumentals of Analytical Chemistry", 5th Ed., Thomson , USA.
24. Powers, L. W.(1989)."Diagnostic Hematology, Clinical and Technical Principles" ,Mosby Company. USA.
25. Highleyman , L. (2003) . Monitoring Tests for people with HIV. PP 3- 4 : 16.
26. Dacie, J.V. and Lewis, S.M. (1995). Practical hematology . 8th .ed ., Charchall Livingston, Edinburgh , London . PP : 57-62.
27. Richmond, N., (1973). Clin chem.. 19:1350.
28. Trinder, P. Ann. (1969). Clin. Biochem. 6:24.
29. Study Group, European Atherosclerosis Society.(1987) "Strategies for th prevention of coronary heart disease: A policy statement of the European Athersclerosis Society. Eur. Heart. J. 8: 77.
30. Lopes-Virella, M. F., (1977).Clin chem. 23:882.
31. Friedewald, W. T., (1972). Clin Chem. 18:499.
32.الساهوکی، مدحت مجید. (2012). "تربیة النبات لتحمل الشد اللاحیوی – نظرة جزیئیة وفوق وراثیة". کلیة الزراعة / جامعة بغداد. العراق.
33. Lead (1977)."Environmental Health Criteria" Geneva, WHO, 3, 160.
34. Drili, S. et al. (1974). "The Environmental Lead Problem". Washington, D.C. US Environmental Protection Agency.
35. Mersh, W.J.,(1983) "Hematology Finding in Southest Asian Immigrants with Particular Reference to Hemoglobin". Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci. pp:299-306.
36. Wegman , D.H ., (1986)" Effect of aerosol size on the blood lead distribution of industrial workers", Am. J. Med.,9,P(227-237).
37.الحمیش، موسى جاسم محمد، وأخرون. (2007). " تلوث دم العاملین فی معمل صناعة الاسمدة – بیجی بالعناصر الثقیلة ". مجلة التربیة والعلم، المجلد (19)، العدد (2).
38. Chowdhury, P; and Louria,D.B. (1976)."Influence of cadmium and other Trace metal on human Þ- antitrypisin. An invitro study science,191 :480-481.
39.الصالحی، نیران جاسم، سکر، ضمیاء قاسم، خلف، مؤید نعیم، جبار، عادله صبح، حمزه، امیرة کریم (2002 ) قیاس تراکیز العناصر النزره فی دم العاملین فی مصانع الشرکة العامة للصناعات البتروکیمیائیة فی محافظةالبصرة.المجلة العراقیة لعلم الاحیاء المجلد (2 ) العدد( 2 ) ص272 – 278.
40. Bryce , S-D.(1989). Zinc deficiency the neglected factor Chem. Br. 25:783-786.
41.عثمان، موفق یحیى، وآخرون. (2004)" تقدیر مستویات الرصاص فی دم العاملین بورش تصلیح البطاریات السائلة فی مد ینة کرکوک وعلاقتها ببروتینات الدم".
42.الفهادی، نبیل حمدالله عزیز (2002 ) دراسة مقارنة لتأثیر أول اوکسید الکاربون والرصاص والکادمیوم فی دم العاملین بتماس مع هذه الملوثات ، اطروحة دکتوراه کلیة العلوم جامعة الموصل
43. Haitt, V. and Juff,J. (1975). "The Environmental Impact of Cadmium, an overview". Inter. J. Environ. Stud.. 7:277-281.
44. Chatterjee, D.S. (1984). "A Heakth Survey of car Painters of Different Ethnic Origin and the Importance of Racial Factors". Occup. Med., 34:86-89.
45. Beving, H. Tronling, G. and Olsson, P. (1991). "Increased Erythrocyte of Volume in Car Repair Painters and Car Mechanics". Br. J. Ind. Med., 48:499-501.
46. Alhafari, R.n.; Ramadhan, R.S.; and Al-Joboury, G.H.(2011). "Effect of Lead , Cadmium and Countinous Exposure to Heat as an Occupation Hazards on Fertility in Male Workers". Al-Nahrain University Vol.4, No(4), Dec. 2011, pp 132-136.
)
